ABSTRACT
Objective: To determine the application of preventive measures by emergency medicine residents for blood born diseases and detection of possible constraints at Imam Hussein Hospital in 2009-2010
Methods: In this observational descriptive cross-sectional study, all 40 emergency medicine residents from the first to third year of practice, were observed and evaluated during work at emergency department of Imam Hussein Hospital in 2009-2010. Data were collected by utilizing an observational checklist and a personal characteristics information form. Content validity and inter rater reliability[r=0.89] of the instruments was confirmed
Results: The mean age of the residents was 32.7+/-4.3 years. Twelve subjects [30%] were female. Fifteen residents [37.5%] were in first educational year, six subjects [14%] were in the second year, and 19 residents [47.5%] were in their third year of practice. Three most respected items were covering the hands by latex gloves before medical procedures [95+/-20 points], cleaning the bloody skin after phlebotomy or IV line preparation [88+/-32 points], and developing no blood spreading after phlebotomy, suction, or lines removal [77+/-43 points]. Higher residency educational degree and IV line preparation were the effective factors for better application of preventive measures by emergency medicine residents for blood born diseases, compared to intubation procedure [P<0.05]. The most common constraints for application of preventive measures by emergency residents for blood born diseases were high rate of patients' attending the emergency room [85%], high work load [80%], and need for fast performance at work [68%]
Conclusions: Generally, according to the obtained results, it may be concluded that the preventive measures for blood borne diseases are not optimally practiced by emergency medicine residents, and therefore, it is necessary to promote their information and practical knowledge especially with explanatory classes and continuous quality improvement
ABSTRACT
To compare CBDM in various selected countries in order to design a model for Iran. A descriptive-comparative study was conducted in six steps in which few countries have been chosen based on their contribution to issues such as policy making, planning, coordination, and control. The related information then was assessed. The results show that in order to achieve a successful disaster management, there is a need for the participation of the community in various disaster management cycle, although the type of this contribution may differ according to the characteristics of each specific country. This paper proposes a model emphasizing on contribution of community in the local level in the villages and neighborhood areas
Subject(s)
Disaster Planning/organization & administration , Community Networks , Models, OrganizationalABSTRACT
To assess general hospitals of Shaheed Beheshti medical university in terms of emergency unit designing for access to its different parts. Imam Hussein, Loghman, Shohada Tajrish, Taleghani and Shaheed Modares general teaching hospitals of SBMU which had higher visit per year were assessed for 40 criteria of access to different parts of their emergency unit by a checklist. Data have been gathered by an emergency medicine resident through interview with related personnel. Collected data compared with standards which have been used in emergency medicine. Only eleven to sixteen out of 40 criteria had been fulfilled in selected hospitals. Thirteen criteria have been missed and only five criteria were fulfilled in all the hospitals. Others missed in one or more. Some of the essential criteria like cardio respiratory resuscitation room being near the entrance, dissociation between ambulance and outpatient entrance, obvious entrance for emergency unit, easy access to laboratory and radiology from emergency unit, lack of markers for triage were missed in all and criteria for traumatic and psychological patients were missed in almost all. Easy visual access to patients through nursing station, use of elevator and waiting room in emergency unit were observed in all the hospitals. It seems that access criteria are not considered correctly in designing of the study hospitals. Designing hospitals need its requirements and emergency unit location should be considered at first stages of designing